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Feminist City: Claiming Space in a Man-made World by Leslie Kern, Feminist Geography, Rape myths, Sarah Everard, Sexist myths, Women's Mental Safety Map

Photo Credit: YorkMix – UK
Rape myths are a key component of what we now call “rape culture.” “What were you wearing?” and “why didn’t you report it?” are two classic rape myth questions that “Me Too” survivors face. Rape myths also have a geography. This gets embedded into the mental map of safety and danger that every woman carries in her mind. “What were you doing in that neighbourhood? At that bar? Waiting alone for a bus?” “Why were you walking alone at night?” “Why did you take a shortcut?” We anticipate these questions and they shape our mental maps as much as any actual threat. These sexist myths serve to remind us that we’re expected to limit our freedom to walk, work, have fun, and take up space in the city. They say: The city isn’t really for you.
Excerpt from Feminist City: Claiming Space in a Man-made World by Leslie Kern, Verso, London/UK and New York/USA, 2020. First published in Canada in 2019 by Between the Lines, Toronto, Canada.
On Wednesday, March 3, 2021, after leaving a friend’s house around 9:00 p.m., 33-year-old marketing executive Sarah Everard disappeared during her walk home in south London. Her remains were found seven days later in a large builder’s bag in a wooded area more than 50 miles from where she was last seen. The man charged with her kidnapping and murder is a 48-year-old Metropolitan Police officer.
Leslie Kern, an urban geographer, is an Associate Professor of Geography and Environment and Director of Women’s and Gender Studies at Mount Allison University in New Brunswick, Canada. She has a doctorate in gender, feminist, and women’s studies from York University in Toronto. She does research on gender and cities, gentrification, and environmental justice. She is the author of Sex and the Revitalized City: Gender, Condominium Development, and Urban Citizenship. Born in Toronto, Canada, she has also lived in London and New York City.
A chastening set of questions
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They are, indeed, Derrick. I’ve lived in cities where the dangers are real. I’ve always questioned my movements when alone in public spaces and have prepared myself to take evasive action whenever possible. Sad to say, the risks don’t diminish when we get older.
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But that’s the point. It is a psychological war imposed on women by men, and sadly picked up by some women. I’m not saying disregard safety, but the pressure should be on all of society and its agencies to renounce rape “culture” and face the social issue. I should be free to wear what I want without (a feeling of) subliminal oppression, as long as certain accepted norms are adhered to. Frankly, to stretch a point, if I chose to walk down an alley in a bikini I should be able to feel safe from rape, not from ridicule of course. Like the question that used to be bantered about: can you really rape a prostitute? Or even can there be rape in marriage? It’s men in the system sticking up covertly for men with sick minds and deficiencies.
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Thank you for sharing!!.. it is sad that “civilized man” is not as civilized as they would like the universe to believe… today’s technology (and the virus) has exposed the human race to reality… hopefully one day that same technology will help wisdom overcome closed minded ideologies and one can walk where one wants without fear… 🙂
Until we meet again..
May the love that you give
Always return to you,
That family and friends are many
And always remain true,
May your mind only know peace
No suffering or strife,
May your spirit only know love and happiness
On your journey through life.
(Larry “Dutch” Woller)
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Dutch, thanks for stopping by and sharing your thoughts 🙂 Some people are blessed to live in such areas of our world.
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“Mental map of safety…”
Tragically necessary
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Christina, it’s truly tragically necessary. Until Leslie Kern put it into words, I was unaware that I, too, have always carried a “mental map of safety” while navigating city streets.
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This isn’t a comment on the City. Uncivilized people in India and the US have shown that barbaric behavior exists in small towns and rural areas. What’s missing in real root cause analysis. Gender is an excuse, not an explanation, as most guys don’t do this, and some women are quite capable of similar cruelty. We had a West Virginia case in which a women was taken by a neighbor family, confined and tortured by all of the family members.
Why does this behavior exist? What supporting structures do we need to knock out so that it doesn’t happen? When we start having a real discussion, we can make some progress.
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Vic, thanks for dropping by and sharing your thoughts on human barbaric behavior. I look forward to the day when we can truly deal with the real root cause of violence against women in our societies worldwide.
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Ms. Everard’s story is heartbreaking and the accusations are unfeeling. However, at the risk of being criticized for my comment, I think there is another, non-sexist reason that fuels some of the indictments. Some of us don’t want to believe we might suffer the same kinds of tragedies as others. By calling their judgment into question, we comfort ourselves, believing we are smarter. Thus, we dismiss the possibility FATE would find us no matter our best efforts to avoid him.
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Dr. Stein, thanks for sharing your thoughts on this issue. By “some of us” I assume you are referring to women in general. With reference to research done by Finnish geography professor, Hille Koskela, here’s what Kern had to say about “bold women” whose decisions to act bravely work out well, without suffering the same fate as Sarah Everard:
[T]hey don’t interpret these moments as signs that they’ve made well-informed, rational choices based on experience, the data at hand, and their own gut instincts. Rather, they re-interpret the situation as one where they did something “stupid,” but “got away with it.”
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I’m referring to both men and women, Rosaliene. And not only when the victim suffered sexual crime. For example, I’ve heard some Jews ask why the Jews of the 1930s didn’t leave Europe in anticipation of their ultimate fate in the Holocaust, as if “they should have known.” Humanity generally has trouble contemplating random tragedy and man-made tragedy as something that might befall them personally or someone they love. They sleep better if the victim is blamed.
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Thanks for the clarification, Dr. Stein. So true. We keep holding out hope that we will be spared, until our turn comes.
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Terrible crime. There are so many sickos among us. We watched a good HBO series this week (The Investigation), which is based on the murder of Kim Wall, a Danish journalist.
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Neil, I haven’t heard about the Kim Wall case. Where and when left unchecked, human depravity is boundless.
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Extremely sad but true.
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Thank you for sharing this. I can honestly say having grown up in London that it’s really not safe for women, and cultural norms are in a vicious cycle of reinforcement. UN Women UK’s recent estimate that 97% of women there have been sexually harassed is not just a number
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Sad to say, Winteroseca, London is not the only large urban center with growing numbers of women under assault.
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Very true. It’s a global pandemic in its own right
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❤️👏
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I recently saw a short video in which women were asked what they would do if all the men in the world disappeared. They all said “go for a walk at night.” What a tragic statement about our culture — not to mention, the perils black men face every day all day.
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Kim, it would, indeed, be great to go out at nights without fear. I would also love to do what you do in traveling alone across the country.
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Just yesterday I read an article about rape charges that were dropped by a judge because … the woman, the victim, had been drinking before the rape happened. Grrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr. So what??? Yes, it is still very much a man’s world, no matter how many ‘rights’ we may have gained.
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Jill, I also read the article and had a similar reaction. Our struggle continues.
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It does, and likely will for generations to come.
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I loved that book by Kern. A real eye-opener.
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It was an eye-opener for me, too, Dr. Bramhall.
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It continues to baffle me how men, and humans in general, are capable of such goodness, wisdom and integrity and yet also engage in such horrid barbarism.
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JoAnna, it would seem that, while our species have evolved technologically, we have yet to evolve a higher consciousness.
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I agree. We can do what we can to do our best.
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Thank you for sharing this.
My ordeal a few years ago, which happened in the same area, was reported widely in the media as ‘Well dressed man sexually assaults screaming woman’ and ‘screaming woman dragged along the ground in attack’
This was a terrible representation, since both myself and this stranger had been wearing suit trousers, a shirt and a jacket. He had been following multiple women. I had just got out of my taxi and was minutes from home when this total stranger randomly attacked. With my own responses, and the bravery of someone who lived nearby, I managed to escape and had recorded key details for the police. He was located and convicted of sa and kidnap within the month and I was only ever referred to as a ‘screaming woman’.
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Thanks for sharing your story. You were fortunate to escape with your life. The way that you were portrayed as a “screaming woman” suggests that you were unstable in some way and deserved to be dragged through the street. Male witnesses might have gotten the impression that the situation was a lovers’ fight. After all, your attacker was a “well dressed man.”
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Who needs recriminations, after being a victim of some rapacious criminal?
Put the blame on the criminal, not the victim.
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I totally agree, Burning Heart.
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Sadly, so true. And, unfortunately, not just in the city. A sobering post, Rosaliene. This sounds like a good book. I shall add it to my wish-list.
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Thanks for reading, Cath. It is a good book that raises lots of issues women face in living in the city.
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Yesterday, I took a shortcut along the side of a field, in broad daylight, just before lunch on the edge of my small coutry town. It took under 5 mimutes. I was scared all the way.
I grew up and went to University in London. I have no mental maps of safe routes, my girlhood showed me that there are none.
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Kim, thanks for dropping by and sharing your own experience when out walking in a small town.
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What a tragic loss. I really wonder what it takes to make streets safe. An evening stroll alone would be so lovely, but not when I know it ended similar to this story for a woman four blocks away from us.
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Rebecca, it becomes even more unsettling when it happens in our neighborhood.
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Yes, I want everyone to feel safe, and be safe.
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I reside in the country and am glad. During my walks, I only worry about bears and coyotes, the four-legged kind. It is a shame we can’t feel safe and find the need to victim shame women.
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Don, thanks for visiting and sharing your thoughts on this issue 🙂
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sad & important for all of us to know. thank you, Rosaliene
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It is sad, indeed, da-AL. So glad you dropped by 🙂
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